Build a safe environment to prevent bullying

In general, schools can:

• Establish a culture of inclusion and respect that welcomes all students. Reward students when they show thoughtfulness and respect for peers, adults, and the school. The Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports Technical Assistance Center  can help.
• Make sure students interact safely. Monitor bullying “hot spots” in and around the building. Students may be at higher risk of bullying in settings where there is little or no adult monitoring or supervision, such as bathrooms, playgrounds, and the cafeteria.
• Enlist the help of all school staff. All staff can keep an eye out for bullying. They also help set the tone at school. Teachers, bus drivers, cafeteria staff, office staff, librarians, school nurses, and others see and influence students every day. Messages reach kids best when they come from many different adults who talk about and show respect and inclusion. Train school staff to prevent bullying.
• Set a tone of respect in the classroom. This means managing student behavior in the classroom well. Well-managed classrooms are the least likely to have bullying.

Teachers can consider these ways to promote the respect, positive relations, and order that helps prevent bullying in the classroom:

• Create ground rules.
  • Develop rules with students so they set their own climate of respect and responsibility.
  • Use positive terms, like what to do, rather than what not to do.
  • Support school-wide rules.
• Reinforce the rules.
  • Be a role model and follow the rules yourself. Show students respect and encourage them to be successful.
  • Make expectations clear. Keep your requests simple, direct, and specific.
  • Reward good behavior. Try to affirm good behavior four to five times for every one criticism of bad behavior.
  • Use one-on-one feedback, and do not publicly reprimand.
  • Help students correct their behaviors. Help them understand violating the rules results in consequences: “I know you can stop [negative action] and go back to [positive action]. If you choose to continue, then [consequence].”

Classroom meetings provide a forum for students to talk about school-related issues beyond academics. These meetings can help teachers stay informed about what is going on at school and help students feel safe and supported.

These meetings work best in classrooms where a culture of respect is already established. Classroom meetings are typically short and held on a regular schedule. They can be held in a student’s main classroom, home room, or advisory period.

• Establish ground rules. Kids should feel free to discuss issues without fear. Classroom meetings are not a time to discuss individual conflicts or gossip about others. Reinforce existing classroom rules.
• Start the conversation. Focus on specific topics, such as bullying or respectful behaviors. Meetings can identify and address problems affecting the group as a whole. Stories should be broad and lead to solutions that build trust and respect between students. Use open-ended questions or prompts such as:
  • Share an example of a student who helped someone at school this week.
  • Without names, share an example of someone who made another student feel bad.
  • What did students nearby do? What did you do? Did you want to do something different—why or why not?
  • If you could describe the perfect response to the situation what would it be? How hard or easy would it be to do? Why?
  • How can adults help?
• End the meeting with a reminder that it is everyone’s job to make school a positive place to learn. Encourage kids to talk to teachers or other trusted adults if they see bullying or are worried about how someone is being treated.
• Follow-up when necessary. Monitor student body language and reactions. If a topic seems to be affecting a student, follow-up with him or her. Know what resources are available to support students affected by bullying.